ANALISIS LITERATUR MENGENAI PERAN AI AGENT DALAM EFISIENSI AUTOMASI DIGITAL
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Abstract
Perkembangan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) telah mendorong lahirnya AI Agent sebagai komponen kunci dalam mendukung efisiensi dan automasi digital di berbagai sektor. AI Agent berfungsi sebagai sistem cerdas yang mampu melakukan tugas-tugas secara otonom dan adaptif, mulai dari chatbot hingga sistem multi-agent berbasis pembelajaran mesin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kontribusi AI Agent terhadap efisiensi operasional dan produktivitas kerja organisasi, serta mengevaluasi tantangan dan potensi pengembangannya di masa depan. Pendekatan penelitian dilakukan melalui Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan merujuk pada metodologi Kitchenham, yang mencakup proses pencarian, seleksi, dan evaluasi terhadap 31 artikel ilmiah dari tahun 2017–2025, dengan 28 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui lima database ilmiah utama, yaitu IEEE Xplore, ResearchGate, SpringerLink, Scopus, dan arXiv, dengan kata kunci terkait AI Agent dan efisiensi automasi digital. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penerapan AI Agent dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional hingga 40% dan mengurangi waktu produksi sebesar 30%. Teknologi pendukung seperti Large Language Models (LLM), Internet of Things (IoT), dan arsitektur multi-agent turut memperkuat kemampuan adaptasi AI Agent dalam konteks industri kompleks. Namun, integrasi teknologi ini masih menghadapi kendala, seperti kurangnya kesiapan SDM, hambatan struktural organisasi, serta isu etika dan transparansi sistem. Sebagai usulan riset lanjutan, studi ini merekomendasikan pengembangan model evaluasi kinerja AI Agent lintas sektor, integrasi dengan teknologi emerging seperti digital twin dan edge computing, serta analisis kesiapan organisasi dalam implementasi sistem AI. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini memberikan landasan strategis untuk optimalisasi AI Agent yang berkelanjutan dan bertanggung jawab dalam mendukung transformasi digital di berbagai sektor.
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